| Hands after using the toilet |
Transfer of microorganisms to taps, handles, food, and shared household surfaces. |
Immediately after toilet use. |
Wash with soap and running water, covering palms, backs of hands, between fingers, thumbs, fingertips, and wrists. |
40–60 seconds for the complete handwashing procedure. |
Use a clean towel or disposable towel to turn off the tap when appropriate. |
| Alcohol-based hand-rub moments |
Moving contaminants between one household task and another when hands are not visibly dirty. |
Before food preparation, after touching waste, and after cleaning a contaminated area. |
Apply enough product to cover all hand surfaces and rub palms, backs of hands, fingers, thumbs, fingertips, and wrists. |
20–30 seconds, until hands are dry. |
Do not use hand-rub as a substitute when hands are visibly dirty or greasy. |
| Food-preparation surfaces |
Raw-food residues can transfer to ready-to-eat food, utensils, or serving areas. |
After handling raw meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, or unwashed produce. |
Remove visible soil first, then clean and disinfect according to the product label. |
Immediately after each high-risk food task. |
Use separate utensils or boards where possible and keep ready-to-eat foods away from raw foods. |
| High-touch household surfaces |
Frequent hand contact can spread microorganisms among household members. |
When visibly soiled, after illness in the household, or after frequent shared use. |
Clean door handles, light switches, faucet handles, toilet handles, and shared-device surfaces; disinfect when indicated. |
At least daily during illness or heavy use; otherwise as needed. |
Use a dedicated cloth for high-touch areas and launder reusable cloths after use. |
| Cleaning tools and cloths |
A contaminated cloth can spread soil from bathrooms or floors to kitchens and living areas. |
After each cleaning session or when moving between zones. |
Separate bathroom, kitchen, and general-purpose tools; wash and dry reusable items thoroughly. |
After every use; replace disposable items according to their instructions. |
Clean from lower-risk areas to higher-risk areas, and from cleaner surfaces to dirtier surfaces. |
| Bathroom surfaces |
Moisture and frequent contact can support the transfer of microorganisms to hands and nearby objects. |
When visibly soiled and during regular household cleaning. |
Clean sinks, toilet seats, flush handles, faucet handles, and surrounding surfaces; disinfect where appropriate. |
Weekly as a baseline, and more often during illness or heavy use. |
Keep bathroom cleaning tools separate from kitchen cleaning tools. |
| Laundry and reusable textiles |
Used towels, cloths, and bedding may transfer microorganisms through direct contact. |
After use by a person who is ill or when textiles are visibly soiled. |
Handle soiled textiles with minimal shaking, wash using the fabric-care instructions, and dry completely. |
Promptly after soiling; change shared hand towels regularly. |
Wash hands after handling soiled laundry and clean the hamper when needed. |
| Cleaning sequence |
Unplanned movement can carry contaminants from high-risk zones to clean areas. |
Every cleaning session. |
Follow a consistent order: declutter, clean high surfaces, clean low surfaces, then finish with floors. |
Use the same sequence each time. |
Finish with the dirtiest area and perform hand hygiene before switching tasks. |